In Europe the label must show the CE mark and the code number of the certifying/notified body). It is created based on input from the Process Flow Diagrams, Piping & Instrumentation Diagrams and the Equipment Location Plan . So the following conditions must be met for an explosion to occur: Represented by the following explosion triangle. Hazardous areas are classified into zones based on an assessment of the frequency of the occurrence and duration of an explosive gas atmosphere, as shown in the illustration below. There are three zones for gas: Zone 0, Zone 1 and Zone 2. Temporary Refuge (TR) Shelter October 2018 These ways of protection are specified in detail within several IEC standards (IEC 60079 series) for electrical equipment. Hazardous areas are those defined as areas of potential explosion risk due to the presence of flammable gas or vapor. If equipment has been approved for use in a Division 1 hazardous location, it can be used in a Division 2 hazardous location, providing it is in the same class and group. Zone 1 fittings are supplied as silver, Zone 2 as dark grey and industrial fittings as white. The flash point determines if an area needs to be classified. Refrigerated The first thing to understand is that much like the metric vs imperial measuring systems, the United States uses its own methodology which differs from much of the world. Equipment should be tested to ensure that it does not exceed 80%[according to whom?] All equipment in Division 1 areas must have an approval label, but certain materials, such as rigid metallic conduit, does not have a specific label indicating the Cl./Div.1 suitability and their listing as approved method of installation in the NEC serves as the permission. The two general approaches are: Several techniques of flame-proofing exist, and they are often used in combination: Equipment has flameproof gaps (max 0.006" (150m) propane/ethylene, 0.004" (100m) acetylene/hydrogen), Equipment can be installed in ANY housing provided to IP54.A 'Zener Barrier', opto-isolator or galvanic unit may be used to assist with certification. The part codes for each SPARTAN variant also differ depending on the level of protection required. taper per foot. 29 CFR 1910.399 Definitions Applicable to Subpart S The definition of the hazardous area zones represent the likelihood of hazardous gas, dust or other hazards being present in a working area. Area Classification - Hazardous Locations are classified by the likelihood of an ignitable concentration of combustible material being present. Electric equipment depending on the protection techniques described by paragraph (g)(3)(i) of this section may not be suitable for use at temperatures lower than -20 C (-4 F) unless they are approved for use at lower temperatures. Not only are hazardous areas classified by Class (nature of the hazardous material,) and Division . Such properties include flame temperature, minimum ignition energy, upper and lower explosive limits, and molecular weight. This means that the electrical equipment is safe for use within these area by applying special protection strategies. Add standard and customized parametric components - like flange beams, lumbers, piping, stairs and more - to your Sketchup model with the Engineering ToolBox - SketchUp Extension - enabled for use with the amazing, fun and free SketchUp Make and SketchUp Pro .Add the Engineering ToolBox extension to your SketchUp from the SketchUp Pro Sketchup Extension Warehouse! Zones 1 or 2. d : HA - ha ea OA - oa Area classification - Divisions vs. zones Continuous hazard Intermittent hazard Hazard under abnormal conditions Zone 0 Zone 1 Zone 2 Division 1 Division 1 Division 2 Hazardous locations - CEC classifications Class I 1.1 Scope. Entire Vapour space of storage tank. Raytec do not currently offer any lighting solutions for Zone 0. The value is represented is volume percentage of oxygen. Electrical equipment installation in atmosphere with flammable gases or vapors, flammable liquids, combustible dusts, ignitable fibers or flyings represents a risk for fire and explosion. Wide known is that al electrical equipment within hazardous areas must be Ex certified for use in the appropriate hazardous area (zone or class/division). In 29 CFR 1910.307(c)(2)(ii), OSHA requires all equipment used in a hazardous location to be marked with the class, group and operating temperature or temperature range for which it is approved. For gases, vapours and mists the zone classifications are recognised as Zone 0, Zone 1 and Zone 2 areas. Ex s is a coding referenced in IEC 60079-0. You will find this equipment in paint factories, a warehouse or around a bag dump station. These generally give rise to areas classied as Zones 0, 1, and 2 respectively. Ways to ensure this level of safety are non-arcing design and limitation of the temperature of the equipment. . Equipment marked as suitable for Group IIC is also suitable for IIB and IIA. Is intended for us in Zone 2 (gases) or Zone 22 (dusts). Various regulations use terms such as class, division, zone, and group to differentiate the various hazards. Photo 2. June 2019 Atmospheres containing ethylene, propylene oxide, ethylene oxide, butadiene, cyclopropane, ethyl ether, or gases and vapors of equivalent hazard. September 2018 Hazardous area equipment is categorized into category-1 for Zone 0 or Zone 20, category-2 for Zone 1 or Zone 21, and category-3 for Zone 2 or Zone 22. The equipment housing may be sealed to prevent entry of flammable gas or dust into the interior. *unless risk assessment states a higher or lower category is required. Temperature classification, except for intrinsically safe apparatus. Equipment approved for Class I, Division 1 or Class 1, Division 2 shall, in addition to being marked in accordance with (c)(2)(ii), be marked with the following: Class I, Zone 1 or Class I, Zone 2 (as applicable); Applicable gas classification groups; and. Recommendat ions. A spark or high heat must also be present. Reefer Container For more detailed assessments or for situations where no specific industry standards are available , like the chemical or pharmaceutical sector and also specific installation for oil and gas industries, a more quantitative approach can be used. But first, we must consider what is likely to cause an explosion in the first place. 2: Through the exercise of ingenuity in the layout of electrical installations for hazardous (classified), Refrigerant machinery rooms that contain ammonia refrigeration systems and are equipped with adequate mechanical ventilation that operates continuously or is initiated by a detection system at a concentration not exceeding 150 ppm shall be permitted to be classified as "unclassified". Hazardous Areas - North America Classification, international method of area classification, Protection Techniques for Hazardous Areas - North America, Hazardous because combustible or conductive, Atmosphere containing combustible metal dusts, including. May 2022 Some equipment in Division 2 areas do not require a specific label, such as standard 3 phase induction motors that do not contain normally arcing components. Therefor Hazardous Area Classification (HAC) is the first important step in achieving an explosion safe installation or work environment. Q: Are Divisions and Zones equivalent to one another? April 2021 lk) are places where fire or explosion hazards may exist. Some manufacturers claim "suitability" or "built-to" hazardous areas in their technical literature, but in effect lack the testing agency's certification and thus unacceptable for the AHJ (Authority Having Jurisdiction) to permit operation of the electrical installation/system. Area (mm2) CFD BS EN 60079-10-1:2009 1 5.0 5.0 0.0936 12.3 - 61.7 2 5.0 2.5 0.0326 6.17 - 30.8 Sources of such hazards include gases, vapors, dust, fibers, and flyings, which are combustible or flammable. For dusts: Zone 20, Zone 21 and Zone 22. Carbon monoxide, ether, hydrogen sulfide, . Since this fuel can only combust in the presence of oxygen, enough oxygen must be available for the rapid combustion to take place. Equipment is placed into protection level categories according to manufacture method and suitability for different situations. Also known as non-hazardous or ordinary locations, these locations are determined to be neither Class I, Division 1 or Division 2; Zone 0, Zone 1 or Zone 2; or any combination thereof. When equipment must be placed in a hazardous location, it can be designed to reduce the risk of fire or explosion. October 2021 The design of the equipment must ensure protection, even in the event of rare incidents relating to the equipment. The Zones are based on how often the hazard is present rather than upon normal versus abnormal conditions. In many industrial, commercial, and scientific settings, the presence of such an atmosphere is a common, or at least commonly possible, occurrence. . This blog post will focus on the different hazardous location classifications and well follow up with another that discusses how equipment can be constructed and certified for use in these environments. Type of protection "n" is further subdivided into nA, nC, and nR. In North America the suitability of equipment for the specific hazardous area must be tested by a Nationally Recognized Testing Laboratory, such as UL, FM Global, CSA Group, or Intertek (ETL). No representation is made that the information or references are complete or remain current. If you require more information on the different variants in the SPARTAN range, or you would like to discuss your application in more detail, you can call us on +44 (0) 1670 520055 or send an email to sales@raytecled.comwhere we will happily answer any questions you have. Temporary Refuge In the US, the National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) defines standards for enclosure types for a variety of applications. 11: For information on electric skin effect trace heating for hazardous (classified), Informational Note No. If you want to promote your products or services in the Engineering ToolBox - please use Google Adwords. Zone 0: flammable atmosphere highly likely to be present - may be present for long periods or even continuously . Example - Hazardous Area Classification A room with a propane gas installation will typically be classified with the Class/Division system as: Class I, Division 2, Group D Zone system as: Zone 2, Group IIA . Analysers, motors, control boxes, computers, Any arcs or sparks in this equipment has insufficient energy (heat) to ignite a vapour. Zone 0 describes an area in which a combustible gas will be present continuously while zone 20 describes an area in which combustible dust will be present continuously (the '2' in 'zone 20' indicates dust as opposed to gas). D8.1.3 Hazardous areas are subdivided into Zones 0,1 or 2, the definitions of each cate-gory being as follows: Zone 0 an area in which an explosive gas-air mixture is continuously present or present for long periods. Then, the level of risk of an explosion is based on the frequency and duration of the occurrence of an explosive atmosphere. A potential few examples of this are: The air space inside a tank of petrol Protecting against fire and explosion is of interest for both personnel safety as well as reliability reasons. of the autoignition temperature of the hazardous atmosphere. Ignition sources can be divided in 13 categories (acc. Only emails and answers are saved in our archive. 5: For further information on ventilation, see NFPA 30-2018, Informational Note No. Classification of locations, testing and listing of equipment, and inspection of installation, is typically overseen by governmental bodies. Therefore, it is very important to make sure that you are using a suitable luminaire for your application by choosing your fitting based on its suitability for the Zone in which it will be located. This concentration is substance specific and lies normally somewhere between the LEL and UEL. Engineering ToolBox - Resources, Tools and Basic Information for Engineering and Design of Technical Applications! Container Test Click on the zone to learn more about the classification according to IEC 60079-10 standards. 10: For information on electrical resistance trace heating for hazardous (classified), Informational Note No. 1910.307 - Hazardous (classified) locations. Groups A, B, C, and D are for gases (Class I only). Equipment provided with threaded entries for field wiring connection shall be installed in accordance with paragraph (g)(2)(iv)(A) or (g)(2)(iv)(B) of this section. 5mm -750C Electrical Resistivity. This level of risk is represented by classifying the hazardous area as Zone 0, Zone 1 or Zone 2 (for gas, vapour and mist atmospheres) or Zone 21 or Zone 22 for dust atmospheres. 0. The conduit shall be made wrench tight to prevent sparking when fault current flows through the conduit system and to ensure the explosionproof or flameproof integrity of the conduit system where applicable. The prevention of explosions in working environments is in most countries regulated in national laws and directives. Well recognized and clear IEC Standard IEC 60079-10-2:2015 Hazardous Area Classification for explosive dusts Significant influence on spending's for safety . December 2020 Offshore Living Quarter Zone 1 - A place in which an explosive atmosphere is likely to occur in normal operation occasionally When the concentration of methane is beneath the LEL, an explosion cannot occur, even when an ignition source is present. All threaded conduit shall be threaded with an NPT (National (American) Standard Pipe Taper) standard conduit cutting die that provides -in. The choice of which standard to use for the hazardous area classification is something which is very important. a headlamp, rather than a dedicated fixed luminaire. Intrinsic safety -- This protection technique is permitted for equipment in the Class I, Zone 0 or Zone 1 locations for which it is approved. An old British standard used letters to designate zones. 15 4. Dn 1 - a Ce e . The Hazardous Area Classification presents in this guide is based on the following items as reference: API: API RP 505 Recommended Practice for Classification of Locations for Electrical. Whenever you are filling up your tank you are standing in a Zone 1 hazardous area. In other cases, the atmosphere is normally non-hazardous, but a dangerous concentration can be reasonably foreseensuch as operator error or equipment failure. Flour, wood/sawdust, plastic dust). So a zone 0 is the most hazardous zone and a zone 2 is a less hazardous zone. A hazardous area can be defined as any location where there is risk of an explosion. BATTERY ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEMBESS) July 2019 See Figure S-1 for an explanation of this marking. may exist under normal or abnormal conditions because of the presence of flammable gases or vapors, combustible dusts or ignitable fibers or flyings. An area where combustible dusts or ignitable fibers and flyings are not likely to occur under normal operating conditions and do so only for a short period of time. hazardous areas as the following: An area where a potential hazard (e.g., a fire, an explosion, etc.) Hazardous Area Classifications D103222X012 Product Bulletin 9.2:001 . Atmosphere containing a flammable gas, a flammable liquid produced vapor, or a combustible liquid produced vapor mixed with air that may burn or explode, having either a MESG (Maximum Experimental Safe Gap)1) value less than or equal to 0.45 mm or aMIC (Minimum Igniting Current)2) ratio less than or equal to 0.40 - such as hydrogen or fuel and combustible process gases containing more than 30% hydrogen by volume - or gases of equivalent hazard such as butadiene, ethylene oxide, propylene oxide and acrolein. Standards and regulations exist to identify such locations, classify the hazards, and design equipment for safe use in such locations. Area's are divided into zones. 286 natural gas explosions per year in the U.S. causing substantial damage, severe injury or loss of lives. Equipment that the employer demonstrates will provide protection from the hazards arising from the flammability of the gas or vapor and the zone of location involved and will be recognized as providing such protection by employees need not be marked. Class II combustible dusts are grouped into one of three (3) groups: E combustible metal dusts, F combustible carbonaceous dusts or G other combustible dusts. So, it is good to know that when a flammable substance concentration exceeds the LEL, it will not automatically lead to an explosion with the highest Pmax. PROCESS OF CONTAINER Group II is for explosive gases (Zone 0, 1 and 2) and Group III is for explosive dusts (Zone 20, 21 and 22). Flammable atmosphere expected to be present inside the storage tank continuously, hence it has been classified as zone 0. Exception No. In an ordinary household this is of no concern, but if a flammable atmosphere is present, the arc might start an explosion. The required protection level is linked to the intended use in the zones described below: The equipment category indicates the level of protection offered by the equipment. This level of risk is represented by classifying the hazardous area as Zone 0, Zone 1 or Zone 2 (for gas, vapour and mist atmospheres) or Zone 21 or Zone 22 for dust atmospheres. In effect it is any method which can be shown to have the required degree of safety in use. Hazardous area classification. Class defines the type of explosive or ignitable substances which are present in the atmosphere. The Zone system is based on Article 505/506 of the National Electrical Code (NEC) and follows the international method of area classification as developed by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). the inside of tank truck or the interior of a dust filter). NFPA 70, the National Electrical Code (NEC), defines area classification and installation principles. ADNOC 2: This classification includes, Informational Note No. The plan may contain the list of chemicals with their group and temperature rating. For example the EI 15 and API 500/505 describe specific installations and several conditions for the oil and gas industry. class correct, Motors, lighting, junction boxes, electronics, Equipment is very robust and components are made to a high quality, Equipment components are completely submerged in oil, Equipment components are completely covered with a layer of sand, powder or quartz, Equipment components of the equipment are usually encased in a resin type material. Magnesium, Titanium), IIB Nonconductive dusts (eg. Arc-producing elements can be isolated from the atmosphere, by encapsulation in, Heat-producing elements can be designed to limit their maximum temperature below the. National Electric Code 2020 edition National Fire Protection Association. Q: Can equipment approved for a Class I hazardous location be used in a Class II hazardous location? When the concentration of gas or vapor is beneath the LEL the gas mixture is too lean to burn. Equipment used in hazardous area must comply to certain Ex standards. The codes and standards used in this process provide guidance for selecting,. 41 gas explosions per year occur within the UK and app. The label will always list the class, division and may list the group and temperature code. In the United States, the NEC uses 2 different classifications: February 2021 In order to understand hazardous area classification it is important to understand which factors contribute to the occurrence of an explosion. Zone 22 Zone 21 Zone20 A hazardous atmosphere formed by dust cloud in air is not likely to occur in . That is why the use of mobile phones on petrol forecourts are banned. July 2020 Pressurised Container Areas with possible fire or explosion risks due to explosive atmospheres and/or mixtures - are called hazardous (or classified) locations or areas. Different countries have approached the standardization and testing of equipment for hazardous areas in different ways. eg Production Area, area surrounding zone 0. 2: For the requirements for electrical and electronic. The term equipment is applied both for fixed equipment and mobile equipment that are operated in such area. ), Group F Carbon-based (eg. December 2021 . November 2019 Informational Note No. No long-term contract. Copryright 2023 Springer Controls Company . For equipment with metric threaded entries, such entries shall be identified as being metric, or listed adaptors to permit connection to conduit of NPT-threaded fittings shall be provided with the equipment. August 2021 The a subdivisions have the most stringent safety requirements, taking into account more than one independent component faults simultaneously. The IEC 60079 standard set has been adapted for use in Australia and New Zealand and is published as the AS/NZS 60079 standard set. As a guide for Zone 0, this can be defined as over 1000 hours/year or >10% of the time. [4], Flammability of combustible liquids are defined by their flash-point. Group defines thetypeof hazardous material and partly thelocationof the surrounding atmosphere . There are four zones in the IEC classification system: Zone 0: An area in which an explosive atmosphere is present continuously or for long periods. October 2019 Group define the type of hazardous material and (partly) the location of the surrounding atmosphere. These generally give rise to areas classied as Zones 0, 1, and 2 respectively. Hazardous areas are classified into zones based on an assessment of the frequency of the occurrence and duration of an explosive gas atmosphere, as follows: Zone 0: An area in which an. Zone 0 is an area in which an explosive atmosphere is present continuously for long periods of time or will frequently occur. Other ignition sources can also be present, like static electricity. . gas, vapours, mists and dusts). In general, all types of equipment installed within the hazardous area shall be . No. March 2022 Empirical testing is done to determine parameters such as the maximum experimental safe gap (MESG), minimum igniting current (MIC) ratio, explosion pressure and time to peak pressure, spontaneous ignition temperature, and maximum rate of pressure rise. Many people have heard terms like Class I, Division 2, Group E, or ATEX zone 21 but many of our customers only know what certification they require with little understanding of what they mean, so we thought it would be appropriate to write a blog post to help customers understand the broader implications of these terms. Ex LIGHTER-THAN-AIR GASES & VAPOURS Vapour density of 0.75 is considered as the boundary between lighter and heavier gases / vapours as a safety measure HA of a leak source located in air Source of hazard 4.5 m. 8.0 m R 4.5 m H Group II is for explosive gases (Zone 0, 1 and 2) and Group III is for explosive dusts (Zone 20, 21 and 22). SIGN UP FOR EMAILGet more great content in your inbox. Determining the Class, Division and Group or Zone and Group is critical to correctly applying the requirements for a given hazardous location. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has adopted these hazardous classifications and all except Groups are defined in 29 Code of Federal Register (CFR) 1910.399. RP 505 is referred to as the zone system. The four steps involved in hazardous area classification are: Determine the type of hazard or "class" that might be presentcombustible gas (Class I), combustible dust (Class II), or fibers (Class III). In the US, the independent National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) publishes several relevant standards, and they are often adopted by government agencies. Quick Tips #124.1. Methane has a LEL of 4,4 vol%. A more quantitative method is described in IEC 60079-10-1 but also more sophisticated numeric mathematical models can be used like Computational Fluid Dynamics. ignitable concentrations of dust, fibers, or flyings are present for long periods of time, ignitable concentrations of dust, fibers, or flyings are likely to exist under normal conditions, ignitable concentrations of dust, fibers, or flyings unlikely to exist under normal conditions, Metal dusts, such as magnesium (Division 1 only), Carbonaceous dusts, such as carbon & charcoal, Non-conductive dusts, such as flour, grain, wood & plastic, Ignitible fibers/flyings, such as cotton lint, flax & rayon, Ignitible fibers or flyings, such as cotton lint, flax & rayon. The above groups are formed in order of how explosive the material would be if it was ignited, with IIC being the most explosive zone system gas group and IIA being the least. Specific types of protection being used will also be marked. IEC 60079-10.1 Classification of areas - Explosive gas atmospheres. Note to paragraph (g)(5)(ii)(C) of this section: The National Electrical Code, NFPA 70, contains guidelines for determining the type and design of equipment and installations that will meet this provision. January 2021 NFPA 70 NEC establishes area classifications based on Classes, Divisions and Groups that when combined delineate the hazardous conditions of a specific area. There are several ways of how to perform hazardous area classification, all described in several standards or codes of practise. Those guidelines address electric wiring, equipment, and systems installed in hazardous (classified) locations and contain specific provisions for the following: wiring methods, wiring connections; conductor insulation, flexible cords, sealing and drainage, transformers, capacitors, switches, circuit breakers, fuses, motor controllers, receptacles, attachment plugs, meters, relays, instruments, resistors, generators, motors, lighting fixtures, storage battery charging equipment, electric cranes, electric hoists and similar equipment, utilization equipment, signaling systems, alarm systems, remote control systems, local loud speaker and communication systems, ventilation piping, live parts, lightning surge protection, and grounding. Ex Zone. Examples are: In another blog we, will explain how to perform Hazardous Area Classification according to the Standard EN-IEC 60079-10-1. . In this article we will look at what defines Zone 0, Zone 1 and Zone 2 hazardous area classifications and the considerations for specifying lighting into each area. Explosion protection must be ensured during normal operation. Atmosphere containing carbonaceous dusts, Atmosphere containing combustible dust not included in Group E & F - such as. Zone 1 is an area in which an explosive atmosphere is likely to occur occasionally in normal operation. Hazardous area classification is a rigorous method of determining where an explosive environment may be present. Sources of It may exist because of repair, maintenance operations, or leakage. Conversely if the same material is heated and handled above its flash-point, the area must be classified for proper electrical system design, as it will then form an ignitable mixture.[5]. This can be achieved by blanketing with nitrogen or carbondioxide. This is also one of the first steps when composing an Explosion Protection Document. Area ClassificationThe max surface temp. of Classification of Hazardous Areas 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 T1 >450C T2 >300C 450C T3 >200C 300C T4 >135C 200C . For Zone 1 applications, Pyroban uses . Locations shall be classified depending on the properties of the flammable vapors, liquids, or gases that may be present and the likelihood that a flammable or combustible concentration or quantity is present. Under the "Zone" system, hazards are defined for gas as Zone 0, 1 or 2, with 0 as the highest hazard, and for dust as Zone 20, 21 or 22, with 20 as the . A: No. As mentioned, the first important step of achieving a safe work environment in relation to explosion safety is to identify and classify those areas, where a concentration of flammable gases or vapors within the flammable range can be present. But every hazardous area is different and each has specific requirements depending on the nature of the atmosphere and the elements that are present. Requirements for good HAC Drawings and Plans. There are two systems in place, including the traditional North American Division system as well as the alternative Zone system.

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